Here's a the link to the full
Circulations newsletter that Nemo mentioned, and a brief summary. I skipped over a couple of items that were more "teaching focus" recommendations rather than actual protocol changes.
All Rescuers
- New emphasis on quality and rate of compressions, chest wall recoil and continuity of compressions
- New universal compression/ventilation ratio for all single rescuers of 30:2 (except for newborns)
- 1 second duration for each rescue breath
- for AEDS, only one shock attempt followed by immediate CPR with pulse checks every 2 minutes
- AED use recommendation for children over 1 year of age
Lay Rescuer
- 2 minutes of CPR prior to calling 911 for infants and children (as opposed to the old 1 minute)
- head tilt/chin lift for all patients (no jaw thrust for head/neck trauma)
- 5-10 second breathing check for unresponsive PTs
- normal breath (not a deep breath) prior to giving rescue breath
- only one breath without chest rise before repositioning airway (instead of the old 2 breaths)
- no circulation check - immediate chest compressions following intial 2 rescue breaths
- no rescue breathing without chest compression
- for children, either 1 or 2 hand compressions on nipple line
- several first aid changes, most interesting being that lay rescuer can assist with asthma inhalers and lay rescuer should hold in-line stabilization for suspected c-spine injuries
BLS Providers
- child guidelines apply from 1 year old to onset of puberty
- single rescuer criteria similar to lay rescuer call first/call fast principle
- if jaw thrust does not adequately open airway, head tilt/chin lift should be used even for c-spine PTs
- chest compressions for infant or child with pulse of less than 60 bpm.
- 30:2 ratio for all 1-rescuer CPR and 2-rescuer adult and 15:2 for 2-rescuer infant or child
- continuous compressions and ventilations when advanced airway is in place (in other words, no trading off...compressions and ventilation given simultaneously)
- role rotation every 2 minutes with 2 or more rescuers
I won't get into the ACLS, PALS and neonatal criteria because those are above me.