Brandon O
Puzzled by facies
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Otten D, Liao MM, Wolken R, et al. Comparison of Bag-Valve-Mask Hand-Sealing Techniques in a Simulated Model. Ann Emerg Med. 2013 Aug 9. pii: S0196-0644(13)00693-8. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.07.014. [Epub ahead of print]
Everyone's encouraged to participate -- ask questions, share your thoughts, suggest considerations. As before, try to answer at least one of the questions below in your reply!
Everyone's encouraged to participate -- ask questions, share your thoughts, suggest considerations. As before, try to answer at least one of the questions below in your reply!
- What's the question we're looking at? Why do we care in EMS?
- What type of study was this? If observational, was it retrospective or prospective?
- What is the PRIMARY outcome? (Was there more than one?) What were the SECONDARY outcomes? (Were there more than three?) Do we care about these outcomes?
- Any reason to suspect bias? Conflicts of interest among the authors? Who sponsored the study?
- Who was the study population (what were the inclusion/exclusion criteria)? 1. Is it suitable to answer the question? 2. Is this population relevant for us?
- What was the comparison/control? Was it appropriate? If randomized, what was the allocation method, was it concealed, and were the groups initially similar? If observational, are there potential variables that were not controlled, and what effect might they have?
- Is there any reason why control patients might have been treated differently after enrollment, and was this controlled? If not, what effect might it have?
- Were there any losses/failures after enrollment, and if so, were they analyzed using intention-to-treat?
- Were patients blinded? Providers? Evaluators of the gold standard? Statistical analysts?
- How reliable was the gold standard? How long was study follow-up, and was this adequate? Was the study stopped early?
- What are the results? Are they statistically significant? Clinically meaningful? Are they the same primary/secondary outcomes initially described? Are they plausible?
- What are the results in terms of NNT (for therapy) or LR (for diagnostics/risk)? What were the harms? Were benefits greater than harms?
- What were the authors' conclusions, and are they supported by the results?